Code data¶

Apart from event- and tracking data analytics often use code data. This type of data can be collected by hand using tools like SportsCode.

Kloppy allows easy read AND write functionallity for the codes in SportsCode XML format.

Reading XML file¶

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from kloppy import sportscode
from kloppy import sportscode

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with open("file.xml", "w") as fp:
    fp.write("""<?xml version="1.0"?>
<file>
    <ALL_INSTANCES>
        <instance>
            <ID>P1</ID>
            <start>3.6</start>
            <end>9.7</end>
            <code>PASS</code>
            <label>
                <group>Team</group>
                <text>Henkie</text>
            </label>
            <label>
                <group>Packing.Value</group>
                <text>1</text>
            </label>
            <label>
                <group>Receiver</group>
                <text>Klaas N&#xF8;me</text>
            </label>
        </instance>
        <instance>
            <ID>P2</ID>
            <start>68.3</start>
            <end>74.5</end>
            <code>PASS</code>
            <label>
                <group>Team</group>
                <text>Henkie</text>
            </label>
            <label>
                <group>Packing.Value</group>
                <text>3</text>
            </label>
            <label>
                <group>Receiver</group>
                <text>Piet</text>
            </label>
        </instance>
        <instance>
            <ID>P3</ID>
            <start>103.6</start>
            <end>109.6</end>
            <code>SHOT</code>
            <label>
                <group>Team</group>
                <text>Henkie</text>
            </label>
            <label>
                <group>Expected.Goal.Value</group>
                <text>0.13</text>
            </label>
        </instance>
    </ALL_INSTANCES>
</file>""")
    
code_dataset = sportscode.load("file.xml")
with open("file.xml", "w") as fp:
    fp.write("""



P1
3.6
9.7
PASS

Team
Henkie


Packing.Value
1


Receiver
Klaas Nøme



P2
68.3
74.5
PASS

Team
Henkie


Packing.Value
3


Receiver
Piet



P3
103.6
109.6
SHOT

Team
Henkie


Expected.Goal.Value
0.13



""")
    
code_dataset = sportscode.load("file.xml")

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code_dataset.to_df()
code_dataset.to_df()

Out[3]:

	code_id	period_id	timestamp	end_timestamp	code	Team	Packing.Value	Receiver	Expected.Goal.Value
0	P1	1	3.6	9.7	PASS	Henkie	1.0	Klaas Nøme	NaN
1	P2	1	68.3	74.5	PASS	Henkie	3.0	Piet	NaN
2	P3	1	103.6	109.6	SHOT	Henkie	NaN	None	0.13

The code dataset also allows filtering the codes

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passes = code_dataset.filter(lambda code: code.code == 'PASS')
passes.to_df()
passes = code_dataset.filter(lambda code: code.code == 'PASS')
passes.to_df()

Out[4]:

	code_id	period_id	timestamp	end_timestamp	code	Team	Packing.Value	Receiver
0	P1	1	3.6	9.7	PASS	Henkie	1	Klaas Nøme
1	P2	1	68.3	74.5	PASS	Henkie	3	Piet

Writing XML file¶

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sportscode.save(passes, "file.xml")

with open("file.xml", "r") as fp:
    print(fp.read())
sportscode.save(passes, "file.xml")

with open("file.xml", "r") as fp:
    print(fp.read())

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<file>
  <ALL_INSTANCES>
    <instance>
      <ID>P1</ID>
      <start>3.6</start>
      <end>9.7</end>
      <code>PASS</code>
      <label>
        <group>Team</group>
        <text>Henkie</text>
      </label>
      <label>
        <group>Packing.Value</group>
        <text>1</text>
      </label>
      <label>
        <group>Receiver</group>
        <text>Klaas Nøme</text>
      </label>
    </instance>
    <instance>
      <ID>P2</ID>
      <start>68.3</start>
      <end>74.5</end>
      <code>PASS</code>
      <label>
        <group>Team</group>
        <text>Henkie</text>
      </label>
      <label>
        <group>Packing.Value</group>
        <text>3</text>
      </label>
      <label>
        <group>Receiver</group>
        <text>Piet</text>
      </label>
    </instance>
  </ALL_INSTANCES>
</file>

Converting event dataset into XML dataset¶

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from kloppy import statsbomb

dataset = statsbomb.load_open_data()
from kloppy import statsbomb

dataset = statsbomb.load_open_data()

/Users/koen/Developer/Projects/PySport/kloppy/.venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/kloppy-3.10.2-py3.10.egg/kloppy/_providers/statsbomb.py:67: UserWarning: 

You are about to use StatsBomb public data.
By using this data, you are agreeing to the user agreement. 
The user agreement can be found here: https://github.com/statsbomb/open-data/blob/master/LICENSE.pdf

  warnings.warn(

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from kloppy.domain import Code, CodeDataset, EventType

dataset_shots = dataset.filter(
    lambda event: event.event_type == EventType.SHOT
)

code_dataset = (
    CodeDataset
    .from_dataset(
        dataset_shots,
        lambda event: Code(
            code_id=None,  # make it auto increment on write
            code=event.event_name,
            period=event.period,
            timestamp=max(0, event.timestamp - 7),
            end_timestamp=event.timestamp + 5,
            labels={
                'Player': str(event.player),
                'Team': str(event.team)
            },
            
            # In the future next two won't be needed anymore
            ball_owning_team=None,
            ball_state=None
        )
    )
)
from kloppy.domain import Code, CodeDataset, EventType

dataset_shots = dataset.filter(
    lambda event: event.event_type == EventType.SHOT
)

code_dataset = (
    CodeDataset
    .from_dataset(
        dataset_shots,
        lambda event: Code(
            code_id=None,  # make it auto increment on write
            code=event.event_name,
            period=event.period,
            timestamp=max(0, event.timestamp - 7),
            end_timestamp=event.timestamp + 5,
            labels={
                'Player': str(event.player),
                'Team': str(event.team)
            },
            
            # In the future next two won't be needed anymore
            ball_owning_team=None,
            ball_state=None
        )
    )
)

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code_dataset.to_df()
code_dataset.to_df()

Out[8]:

	code_id	period_id	timestamp	end_timestamp	code	Player	Team
0	None	1	142.094	154.094	shot	Lionel Andrés Messi Cuccittini	Barcelona
1	None	1	332.239	344.239	shot	Jordi Alba Ramos	Barcelona
2	None	1	921.625	933.625	shot	Lionel Andrés Messi Cuccittini	Barcelona
3	None	1	972.616	984.616	shot	Rubén Sobrino Pozuelo	Deportivo Alavés
4	None	1	1088.914	1100.914	shot	Luis Alberto Suárez Díaz	Barcelona
5	None	1	1835.287	1847.287	shot	Ousmane Dembélé	Barcelona
6	None	1	2097.861	2109.861	shot	Ivan Rakitić	Barcelona
7	None	1	2241.168	2253.168	shot	Lionel Andrés Messi Cuccittini	Barcelona
8	None	1	2243.989	2255.989	shot	Gerard Piqué Bernabéu	Barcelona
9	None	1	2301.083	2313.083	shot	Ousmane Dembélé	Barcelona
10	None	1	2427.592	2439.592	shot	Luis Alberto Suárez Díaz	Barcelona
11	None	1	2603.612	2615.612	shot	Ousmane Dembélé	Barcelona
12	None	2	152.524	164.524	shot	Jordi Alba Ramos	Barcelona
13	None	2	360.400	372.400	shot	Mubarak Wakaso	Deportivo Alavés
14	None	2	527.355	539.355	shot	Luis Alberto Suárez Díaz	Barcelona
15	None	2	589.388	601.388	shot	Philippe Coutinho Correia	Barcelona
16	None	2	627.490	639.490	shot	Jordi Alba Ramos	Barcelona
17	None	2	733.847	745.847	shot	Lionel Andrés Messi Cuccittini	Barcelona
18	None	2	929.156	941.156	shot	Philippe Coutinho Correia	Barcelona
19	None	2	1084.954	1096.954	shot	Lionel Andrés Messi Cuccittini	Barcelona
20	None	2	1236.588	1248.588	shot	Lionel Andrés Messi Cuccittini	Barcelona
21	None	2	1406.375	1418.375	shot	Ivan Rakitić	Barcelona
22	None	2	1640.492	1652.492	shot	Luis Alberto Suárez Díaz	Barcelona
23	None	2	1990.679	2002.679	shot	Adrián Marín Gómez	Deportivo Alavés
24	None	2	2184.606	2196.606	shot	Philippe Coutinho Correia	Barcelona
25	None	2	2254.578	2266.578	shot	Philippe Coutinho Correia	Barcelona
26	None	2	2655.638	2667.638	shot	Lionel Andrés Messi Cuccittini	Barcelona
27	None	2	2795.770	2807.770	shot	Lionel Andrés Messi Cuccittini	Barcelona

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sportscode.save(code_dataset, "file.xml")

with open("file.xml", "r") as fp:
    print(fp.read())
sportscode.save(code_dataset, "file.xml")

with open("file.xml", "r") as fp:
    print(fp.read())

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<file>
  <ALL_INSTANCES>
    <instance>
      <ID>1</ID>
      <start>142.094</start>
      <end>154.094</end>
      <code>shot</code>
      <label>
        <group>Player</group>
        <text>Lionel Andrés Messi Cuccittini</text>
      </label>
      <label>
        <group>Team</group>
        <text>Barcelona</text>
      </label>
    </instance>
    <instance>
      <ID>2</ID>
      <start>332.239</start>
      <end>344.239</end>
      <code>shot</code>
      <label>
        <group>Player</group>
        <text>Jordi Alba Ramos</text>
      </label>
      <label>
        <group>Team</group>
        <text>Barcelona</text>
      </label>
    </instance>
    <instance>
      <ID>3</ID>
      <start>921.625</start>
      <end>933.625</end>
      <code>shot</code>
      <label>
        <group>Player</group>
        <text>Lionel Andrés Messi Cuccittini</text>
      </label>
      <label>
        <group>Team</group>
        <text>Barcelona</text>
      </label>
    </instance>
    <instance>
      <ID>4</ID>
      <start>972.616</start>
      <end>984.616</end>
      <code>shot</code>
      <label>
        <group>Player</group>
        <text>Rubén Sobrino Pozuelo</text>
      </label>
      <label>
        <group>Team</group>
        <text>Deportivo Alavés</text>
      </label>
    </instance>
    <instance>
      <ID>5</ID>
      <start>1088.914</start>
      <end>1100.914</end>
      <code>shot</code>
      <label>
        <group>Player</group>
        <text>Luis Alberto Suárez Díaz</text>
      </label>
      <label>
        <group>Team</group>
        <text>Barcelona</text>
      </label>
    </instance>
    <instance>
      <ID>6</ID>
      <start>1835.287</start>
      <end>1847.287</end>
      <code>shot</code>
      <label>
        <group>Player</group>
        <text>Ousmane Dembélé</text>
      </label>
      <label>
        <group>Team</group>
        <text>Barcelona</text>
      </label>
    </instance>
    <instance>
      <ID>7</ID>
      <start>2097.861</start>
      <end>2109.861</end>
      <code>shot</code>
      <label>
        <group>Player</group>
        <text>Ivan Rakitić</text>
      </label>
      <label>
        <group>Team</group>
        <text>Barcelona</text>
      </label>
    </instance>
    <instance>
      <ID>8</ID>
      <start>2241.168</start>
      <end>2253.168</end>
      <code>shot</code>
      <label>
        <group>Player</group>
        <text>Lionel Andrés Messi Cuccittini</text>
      </label>
      <label>
        <group>Team</group>
        <text>Barcelona</text>
      </label>
    </instance>
    <instance>
      <ID>9</ID>
      <start>2243.989</start>
      <end>2255.989</end>
      <code>shot</code>
      <label>
        <group>Player</group>
        <text>Gerard Piqué Bernabéu</text>
      </label>
      <label>
        <group>Team</group>
        <text>Barcelona</text>
      </label>
    </instance>
    <instance>
      <ID>10</ID>
      <start>2301.083</start>
      <end>2313.083</end>
      <code>shot</code>
      <label>
        <group>Player</group>
        <text>Ousmane Dembélé</text>
      </label>
      <label>
        <group>Team</group>
        <text>Barcelona</text>
      </label>
    </instance>
    <instance>
      <ID>11</ID>
      <start>2427.592</start>
      <end>2439.592</end>
      <code>shot</code>
      <label>
        <group>Player</group>
        <text>Luis Alberto Suárez Díaz</text>
      </label>
      <label>
        <group>Team</group>
        <text>Barcelona</text>
      </label>
    </instance>
    <instance>
      <ID>12</ID>
      <start>2603.612</start>
      <end>2615.612</end>
      <code>shot</code>
      <label>
        <group>Player</group>
        <text>Ousmane Dembélé</text>
      </label>
      <label>
        <group>Team</group>
        <text>Barcelona</text>
      </label>
    </instance>
    <instance>
      <ID>13</ID>
      <start>2857.7909999999997</start>
      <end>2869.7909999999997</end>
      <code>shot</code>
      <label>
        <group>Player</group>
        <text>Jordi Alba Ramos</text>
      </label>
      <label>
        <group>Team</group>
        <text>Barcelona</text>
      </label>
    </instance>
    <instance>
      <ID>14</ID>
      <start>3065.667</start>
      <end>3077.667</end>
      <code>shot</code>
      <label>
        <group>Player</group>
        <text>Mubarak Wakaso</text>
      </label>
      <label>
        <group>Team</group>
        <text>Deportivo Alavés</text>
      </label>
    </instance>
    <instance>
      <ID>15</ID>
      <start>3232.622</start>
      <end>3244.622</end>
      <code>shot</code>
      <label>
        <group>Player</group>
        <text>Luis Alberto Suárez Díaz</text>
      </label>
      <label>
        <group>Team</group>
        <text>Barcelona</text>
      </label>
    </instance>
    <instance>
      <ID>16</ID>
      <start>3294.6549999999997</start>
      <end>3306.6549999999997</end>
      <code>shot</code>
      <label>
        <group>Player</group>
        <text>Philippe Coutinho Correia</text>
      </label>
      <label>
        <group>Team</group>
        <text>Barcelona</text>
      </label>
    </instance>
    <instance>
      <ID>17</ID>
      <start>3332.7569999999996</start>
      <end>3344.7569999999996</end>
      <code>shot</code>
      <label>
        <group>Player</group>
        <text>Jordi Alba Ramos</text>
      </label>
      <label>
        <group>Team</group>
        <text>Barcelona</text>
      </label>
    </instance>
    <instance>
      <ID>18</ID>
      <start>3439.1139999999996</start>
      <end>3451.1139999999996</end>
      <code>shot</code>
      <label>
        <group>Player</group>
        <text>Lionel Andrés Messi Cuccittini</text>
      </label>
      <label>
        <group>Team</group>
        <text>Barcelona</text>
      </label>
    </instance>
    <instance>
      <ID>19</ID>
      <start>3634.423</start>
      <end>3646.423</end>
      <code>shot</code>
      <label>
        <group>Player</group>
        <text>Philippe Coutinho Correia</text>
      </label>
      <label>
        <group>Team</group>
        <text>Barcelona</text>
      </label>
    </instance>
    <instance>
      <ID>20</ID>
      <start>3790.2209999999995</start>
      <end>3802.2209999999995</end>
      <code>shot</code>
      <label>
        <group>Player</group>
        <text>Lionel Andrés Messi Cuccittini</text>
      </label>
      <label>
        <group>Team</group>
        <text>Barcelona</text>
      </label>
    </instance>
    <instance>
      <ID>21</ID>
      <start>3941.8549999999996</start>
      <end>3953.8549999999996</end>
      <code>shot</code>
      <label>
        <group>Player</group>
        <text>Lionel Andrés Messi Cuccittini</text>
      </label>
      <label>
        <group>Team</group>
        <text>Barcelona</text>
      </label>
    </instance>
    <instance>
      <ID>22</ID>
      <start>4111.642</start>
      <end>4123.642</end>
      <code>shot</code>
      <label>
        <group>Player</group>
        <text>Ivan Rakitić</text>
      </label>
      <label>
        <group>Team</group>
        <text>Barcelona</text>
      </label>
    </instance>
    <instance>
      <ID>23</ID>
      <start>4345.759</start>
      <end>4357.759</end>
      <code>shot</code>
      <label>
        <group>Player</group>
        <text>Luis Alberto Suárez Díaz</text>
      </label>
      <label>
        <group>Team</group>
        <text>Barcelona</text>
      </label>
    </instance>
    <instance>
      <ID>24</ID>
      <start>4695.946</start>
      <end>4707.946</end>
      <code>shot</code>
      <label>
        <group>Player</group>
        <text>Adrián Marín Gómez</text>
      </label>
      <label>
        <group>Team</group>
        <text>Deportivo Alavés</text>
      </label>
    </instance>
    <instance>
      <ID>25</ID>
      <start>4889.873</start>
      <end>4901.873</end>
      <code>shot</code>
      <label>
        <group>Player</group>
        <text>Philippe Coutinho Correia</text>
      </label>
      <label>
        <group>Team</group>
        <text>Barcelona</text>
      </label>
    </instance>
    <instance>
      <ID>26</ID>
      <start>4959.844999999999</start>
      <end>4971.844999999999</end>
      <code>shot</code>
      <label>
        <group>Player</group>
        <text>Philippe Coutinho Correia</text>
      </label>
      <label>
        <group>Team</group>
        <text>Barcelona</text>
      </label>
    </instance>
    <instance>
      <ID>27</ID>
      <start>5360.905</start>
      <end>5372.905</end>
      <code>shot</code>
      <label>
        <group>Player</group>
        <text>Lionel Andrés Messi Cuccittini</text>
      </label>
      <label>
        <group>Team</group>
        <text>Barcelona</text>
      </label>
    </instance>
    <instance>
      <ID>28</ID>
      <start>5501.037</start>
      <end>5513.037</end>
      <code>shot</code>
      <label>
        <group>Player</group>
        <text>Lionel Andrés Messi Cuccittini</text>
      </label>
      <label>
        <group>Team</group>
        <text>Barcelona</text>
      </label>
    </instance>
  </ALL_INSTANCES>
</file>

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import os
os.unlink("file.xml")
import os
os.unlink("file.xml")

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# Chain filter and map operators
new_dataset = (
    code_dataset
    .filter(lambda record: record.labels['Team'] == 'Barcelona')
    .map(lambda record: record.replace(code='Schot Barcelona'))
)
new_dataset.to_df()
# Chain filter and map operators
new_dataset = (
    code_dataset
    .filter(lambda record: record.labels['Team'] == 'Barcelona')
    .map(lambda record: record.replace(code='Schot Barcelona'))
)
new_dataset.to_df()

Out[14]:

	code_id	period_id	timestamp	end_timestamp	code	Player	Team
0	None	1	142.094	154.094	Schot Barcelona	Lionel Andrés Messi Cuccittini	Barcelona
1	None	1	332.239	344.239	Schot Barcelona	Jordi Alba Ramos	Barcelona
2	None	1	921.625	933.625	Schot Barcelona	Lionel Andrés Messi Cuccittini	Barcelona
3	None	1	1088.914	1100.914	Schot Barcelona	Luis Alberto Suárez Díaz	Barcelona
4	None	1	1835.287	1847.287	Schot Barcelona	Ousmane Dembélé	Barcelona
5	None	1	2097.861	2109.861	Schot Barcelona	Ivan Rakitić	Barcelona
6	None	1	2241.168	2253.168	Schot Barcelona	Lionel Andrés Messi Cuccittini	Barcelona
7	None	1	2243.989	2255.989	Schot Barcelona	Gerard Piqué Bernabéu	Barcelona
8	None	1	2301.083	2313.083	Schot Barcelona	Ousmane Dembélé	Barcelona
9	None	1	2427.592	2439.592	Schot Barcelona	Luis Alberto Suárez Díaz	Barcelona
10	None	1	2603.612	2615.612	Schot Barcelona	Ousmane Dembélé	Barcelona
11	None	2	152.524	164.524	Schot Barcelona	Jordi Alba Ramos	Barcelona
12	None	2	527.355	539.355	Schot Barcelona	Luis Alberto Suárez Díaz	Barcelona
13	None	2	589.388	601.388	Schot Barcelona	Philippe Coutinho Correia	Barcelona
14	None	2	627.490	639.490	Schot Barcelona	Jordi Alba Ramos	Barcelona
15	None	2	733.847	745.847	Schot Barcelona	Lionel Andrés Messi Cuccittini	Barcelona
16	None	2	929.156	941.156	Schot Barcelona	Philippe Coutinho Correia	Barcelona
17	None	2	1084.954	1096.954	Schot Barcelona	Lionel Andrés Messi Cuccittini	Barcelona
18	None	2	1236.588	1248.588	Schot Barcelona	Lionel Andrés Messi Cuccittini	Barcelona
19	None	2	1406.375	1418.375	Schot Barcelona	Ivan Rakitić	Barcelona
20	None	2	1640.492	1652.492	Schot Barcelona	Luis Alberto Suárez Díaz	Barcelona
21	None	2	2184.606	2196.606	Schot Barcelona	Philippe Coutinho Correia	Barcelona
22	None	2	2254.578	2266.578	Schot Barcelona	Philippe Coutinho Correia	Barcelona
23	None	2	2655.638	2667.638	Schot Barcelona	Lionel Andrés Messi Cuccittini	Barcelona
24	None	2	2795.770	2807.770	Schot Barcelona	Lionel Andrés Messi Cuccittini	Barcelona

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